Ubuntu 开发环境配置

Dev on Windows with WSL

配置 Shell 基础环境

Shell 环境，更换软件镜像源| Dev on Windows with WSL
记录一次 WSL2 的网络代理配置 | jiayaoO3O’s Blog

v2ray 要开启允许局域网连接
安装 zsh
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sudo apt install zsh -y
echo $0 # 查看当前 shell 类型

install oh-my-zsh

1	sh -c "$(curl -fsSL -x socks5://$(ip route \| grep default \| awk '{print $3}'):10808 https://raw.github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

TODO 把 GitHub 上的 .zshrc 文件下载下来覆盖

然后一定要新开窗口，不然配置不生效

安装 mackup 备份还原 dotfiles 配置

lra/mackup: Keep your application settings in sync (OS X/Linux)

创建用户：sudo adduser xxx

curl 设置代理 - 知乎

Ubuntu-22.04 本身就自带 Python3(3.10.4) 最新版，无需安装

Installation - pip documentation v22.0.4 安装最新版 pip

采用 get-pip.py 脚本的方式

# run the following command to download the get-pip.py file，下面 $(ip route | grep default | awk '{print $3}') 获取 WSL 动态 IP，用于 v2ray 代理
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py
# To install PIP type in the following
python3 get-pip.py
# WARNING: The script wheel is installed in '~/.local/bin' which is not on PATH.
# 此时 pip 没有环境变量，所以命令未生效。使用 add alias 来调用
alias pip='~/.local/bin/pip3'
pip -V

如果是 zsh 的话（想要一直生效的话），还需要把 alias 配置到 .zshrc 里面

note: 不要用 Ubuntu 自带的 apt 方式安装，因为 Python3 是最新版而 apt 安装出来的较低版本，会导致与 Python 最新版那边不兼容，从而 pip 安装软件时会报错

python - ImportError: cannot import name ‘html5lib’ from ‘pip._vendor’ (/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/init.py) - Stack Overflow

Pip is not working for Python 3.10 on Ubuntu - Stack Overflow

This is likely caused by a too old system pip version.

Install the latest with:
curl -sS https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py | python3.10

How To Install Python 3 and Set Up a Programming Environment on Ubuntu 22.04 | DigitalOcean

install mackup with pip

# Install Mackup with PIP
pip install --upgrade mackup
alias mackup='~/.local/bin/mackup'

# Launch it and back up your files
mackup backup

下载 mackup 配置文件并更新

# 代理下载文件到当前目录
curl -x socks5://WSL 代理 IP:10808 https://github.com/liuilin/dotfiles/raw/master/.mackup.cfg -OL
# 修改配置文件
sudo vim .mackup.cfg

git - Download single files from GitHub - Stack Overflow

You can use curl this way:
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curl -OL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/<username>/<repo-name>/<branch-name>/path/to/file
O means that curl downloads the content
L means that curl follows the redirection

恢复所有备份的配置

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1LrGZMV4aQYLIGTwoHodb3eJ1GE3JbqJV

修改当前用户的全局设置，使 mackup 环境变量生效

不要恢复 .bash_logout 文件！！！否则会报错

sudo vim ~/.bashrc
export PATH=/home/daniel/.local/bin/mackup:$PATH
source .bashrc
sudo vim .mackup.cfg
# 修改存储路径 path = /mnt/c/Users/liuqiang/
# TODO 考虑安装完 zsh 再 mackup restore 恢复配置，不然会被覆盖
mackup restore

Google Drive 自动同步文件夹 /mnt/c/Users/Daniel/dotfiles

todo 运行代理加速

# 运行 .zshrc 里面配置的命令来自动配置全局代理
proxy
# 查看 http.https://github.com.proxy 配置是否生效，q：退出交互界面
git config -l

配置 mackup 环境变量

1 2	sudo vim ~/.zshrc export PATH=/home/daniel/.local/bin/mackup:$PATH

Yadm：我是如何同步并管理我的 Dotfiles 的？ - Spencer’s Blog

安装 oh-my-zsh 插件

插件 autojump：wting/autojump: A cd command that learns - easily navigate directories from the command line
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sudo apt install autojump

插件 zsh-autosuggestions：zsh-autosuggestions/INSTALL.md at master · zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions

1	git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions

插件 zsh-syntax-highlighting：zsh-syntax-highlighting/INSTALL.md at master · zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting

1	git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-~/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting

安装主体模板：
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git clone --depth=1 https://github.com/romkatv/powerlevel10k.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM:-$HOME/.oh-my-zsh/custom}/themes/powerlevel10k
- Windows 安装 Nerd Font（Sauce Code Pro Nerd Font）字体：解压到 C:\Windows\Fonts 路径下
- 主体配置：One half dark
- 背景不透明度：66
字体显示问题（NERD FONT）：romkatv/nerd-fonts: Iconic font aggregator, collection, & patcher. 3,600+ icons, 50+ patched fonts: Hack, Source Code Pro, more. Glyph collections: Font Awesome, Material Design Icons, Octicons, & more

静默覆盖文件：yes | cp -rf xxx xxx
重新打开一个会话窗口 Restart zsh (such as by opening a new instance of your terminal emulator).

配置 Node 环境

配置 Java 环境

安装 openjdk

1	sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk

安装 jdk 报错的话

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
debianutils : Breaks: x11-common (< 1:7.7+23~) but 1:7.7+19ubuntu14 is to be installed
libglx-mesa0 : Depends: libx11-xcb1 (>= 2:1.6.9) but it is not installable
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

解决：

1 2	sudo apt install libx11-xcb1 sudo apt install libglx-mesa0

还是提示

The following packages have unmet dependencies:
debianutils : Breaks: x11-common (< 1:7.7+23~) but 1:7.7+19ubuntu14 is to be installed
E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.

使用一个强大的包管理工具

$ sudo apt install aptitude
# debianutils 版本太新了，根据提示选 n 不保留当前版本，把 debianutils 降级
$ sudo aptitude install x11-common

The following NEW packages will be installed:
  x11-common
0 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 22.3 kB of archives. After unpacking 321 kB will be used.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 debianutils : Breaks: x11-common (< 1:7.7+23~) but 1:7.7+19ubuntu14 is to be installed
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

     Keep the following packages at their current version:
1)     x11-common [Not Installed]

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] n
The following actions will resolve these dependencies:

     Downgrade the following packages:
1)     debianutils [5.5-1ubuntu2 (now) -> 4.9.1 (focal)]

Accept this solution? [Y/n/q/?] Y
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
  debianutils
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  x11-common
0 packages upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 downgraded, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 108 kB of archives. After unpacking 307 kB will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Y
Get: 1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu focal/main amd64 debianutils amd64 4.9.1 [85.8 kB]
Get: 2 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu focal/main amd64 x11-common all 1:7.7+19ubuntu14 [22.3 kB]
Fetched 108 kB in 1s (94.5 kB/s)
dpkg: warning: downgrading debianutils from 5.5-1ubuntu2 to 4.9.1
(Reading database ... 36541 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../debianutils_4.9.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking debianutils (4.9.1) over (5.5-1ubuntu2) ...
Setting up debianutils (4.9.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package x11-common.
(Reading database ... 36537 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../x11-common_1%3a7.7+19ubuntu14_all.deb ...
dpkg-query: no packages found matching nux-tools
Unpacking x11-common (1:7.7+19ubuntu14) ...
Setting up x11-common (1:7.7+19ubuntu14) ...
update-rc.d: warning: start and stop actions are no longer supported; falling back to defaults
invoke-rc.d: could not determine current runlevel
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Scanning processes...
Scanning processor microcode...
Scanning linux images...

Failed to retrieve available kernel versions.

Failed to check for processor microcode upgrades.

No services need to be restarted.

No containers need to be restarted.

No user sessions are running outdated binaries.

No VM guests are running outdated hypervisor (qemu) binaries on this host.

安装 Maven

1 2	sudo apt install maven -Y mkdir ~/.m2 && cp -r /usr/share/maven/conf/settings.xml ~/.m2/settings.xml

修改 settings 的中央仓库：阿里云云效仓库服务

Question

查看当前 Shell 环境
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echo $0
history | grep "git clone"这个命令就能找到近期 clone 了哪些库，省却了写一堆代码的功夫。

给 root 用户设置密码

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sudo passwd root
su root # 切换到 root 用户
usermod -aG sudo xxx # 给 xxx 用户赋予 root 权限

获取 WSL 动态 IP
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# 获取 WSL IP，用于下面临时 v2ray 代理
ip route | grep default | awk '{print $3}'
示例：curl -x socks5://$(ip route | grep default | awk ‘{print $3}’):10808 https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py

不许转载😡！！！

Buy me a cup of coffee ☕.

reward.ali